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Git Servers
Many are familiar with Github. Gitlab is a good open-sourced alternative. It's also pretty easy to host your own git repositories -- all you really need is a linux server that you have ssh access too!
Running a server
It's pretty much as simple as having an SSH server running and being able to connect over that.
https://www.linux.com/learn/how-run-your-own-git-server How to Run Your Own Git Server | Linux.com | The source for Linux information
https://www.google.com/search?q=linux+git+server linux git server - Google Search
New repository on server
Create your project's repo on your git host and check that out locally
When you're not on the server (e.g. created the repo somewhere else), you need to create a blank repo on the server first:
- Log into the server machine.
- Create a bare repo using
ssh [user@host-server]
mkdir -p /srv/git/home-system
cd /srv/git/home-systemgit --version 2.28 and up:
git init --initial-branch=main --bare
git --version older than 2.28
git init --bare
git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/main
Check out the new bare repo on the client:
git clone account@server:/srv/git/project
May get warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. Add some content. At that point, check to see what branch you're on. If it's still set to master move it to main and push
git branch -a
git branch -m main
git push origin HEAD
Add server to existing repo
Note: this requires the remote repository to exist on the server first.
If you have an existing repo and want to add a server later
On the client machine check for existing origins
git remote -v(if you need to delete an existing origin):
git remote remove originpush your repo to the server
git remote add origin ssh://user@server:/GitRepos/myproject.gitfollowed by
git push origin main
May also need
git branch --set-upstream-to origin/main
Try git show-ref to see what refs you have. Is there a refs/heads/master?
You can try git push origin HEAD:master as a more local-reference-independent solution. This explicitly states that you want to push the local ref HEAD to the remote ref master (see the git-push refspec documentation).
then checkout to any device with:
git clone user@server:/srv/git/repo
If the repo on the server has local files checked out (not bare), when it's time to push changes up to the server, they'll be rejected.
Being able to push is the important option in this scenario.
An alternative solution could use different branches on either the remote device and/or the server. This seems more cumbersome.
Template repositories
Some hosts make it easy to designate a repository as a template.
https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=gitlab+mark+repostory+as+a+template&ia=web 💤 gitlab mark repostory as a template at DuckDuckGo https://betterprogramming.pub/forget-boilerplate-use-repository-templates-74efebbee8eb Forget Boilerplate, Use Repository Templates! | by Liliana Nuño Silva | Better Programming https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/admin_area/settings/instance_template_repository.html#help-and-feedback Instance template repository | GitLab
Gitlab
Gitlab offers more than just git repository hosting.
https://gitlab.com/users/sign_in
Add SSH keys
https://gitlab.com/profile/keys
Paste your public SSH key, which is usually contained in the file '~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub' or '~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub' and begins with 'ssh-ed25519' or 'ssh-rsa'. Don't use your private SSH key.
Create a new project
Use + sign on nav bar.
Mirror existing projects
Have to decide on push or pull.
Push
SSH Keys are preferred these days. Will need to configure one from gitlab to github.
To set up a mirror from GitLab to GitHub, you need to follow these steps:
Create a GitHub personal access token with the public_repo box checked.
https://docs.github.com/en/free-pro-team@latest/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token
In the upper-right corner of any page, click your profile photo, then click Settings. Settings icon in the user bar
In the left sidebar, click Developer settings. Developer settings
In the left sidebar, click Personal access tokens. Personal access tokens
Click Generate new token.
Keep track of the token in your password manager (or you may need to regenerated it again later and then update it in Gitlab)
Fill in the Git repository URL field using this format: https://<your_github_username>@github.com/<your_github_group>/<your_github_project>.git.
Fill in Password field with your GitHub personal access token.
Click the Mirror repository button.
The mirrored repository will be listed. For example, https://*****:*****@github.com/<your_github_group>/<your_github_project>.git.
The repository will push soon. To force a push, click the Update now () button.
Log in to Gitlab
Navigate to your project’s Settings > Repository and expand the Mirroring repositories section.
Enter a repository URL.
Select Push from the Mirror direction dropdown.
Select an authentication method from the Authentication method dropdown, if necessary.
Check the Only mirror protected branches box, if necessary.
Check the Keep divergent refs box, if desired.
Click the Mirror repository button to save the configuration.
https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/repository/repository_mirroring.html
Pull
For initial pulls / importing repositories, do that during "Create a new project" steps. (https://gitlab.com/projects/new#import_project)
To pull in changes from github, generate a token, then add it to gitlab for import from github.
https://github.com/settings/tokens
https://gitlab.com/import/github/status
Identity
TODO: way to have a private email address associated with gitlab? Sure!
Default Templates
Looks like this is only possible in a self-hosted instance
https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=gitlab+mark+repostory+as+a+template&ia=web gitlab mark repostory as a template at DuckDuckGo https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/admin_area/settings/instance_template_repository.html#help-and-feedback Instance template repository | GitLab
Github
Github is a community organized around developing software.
Acquired / owned by Microsoft.
Packages
This is a new feature:
Organizations
These are equivalent to Teams in Gitlab
https://docs.github.com/en/organizations/collaborating-with-groups-in-organizations/creating-a-new-organization-from-scratch Creating a new organization from scratch - GitHub Docs
https://docs.github.com/en/organizations/collaborating-with-groups-in-organizations/about-organizations About organizations - GitHub Docs